What is the requirement of two-factor authentication (2FA)?

Two-factor authentication (2FA) enhances security by requiring users to provide two distinct forms of verification before they can access an account. This dual approach significantly increases the difficulty for unauthorized individuals trying to gain access, as it requires something the user knows (like a password) and something the user has (like a physical token, smartphone app, or biometric verification).

The essence of 2FA is to add an additional layer of security beyond just a username and password. For instance, even if a password is compromised, an attacker would still need the second factor to access the account. This reliance on two separate methods is what fundamentally differentiates 2FA from single-factor authentication systems that only require a password.

Given this context, the requirement for two separate methods of verification is crucial for reinforcing security protocols and protecting sensitive information from unauthorized access.