What is a data breach?

A data breach refers to an incident in which unauthorized access occurs, resulting in the exposure or theft of sensitive data. This definition captures the essence of a data breach, emphasizing the critical aspect of unauthorized access. When sensitive information—such as personal, financial, or proprietary data—is accessed by individuals or entities who do not have permission, it poses a significant risk to individuals and organizations alike.

The implications of a data breach can be far-reaching, potentially leading to identity theft, financial loss, and damage to an organization’s reputation. Understanding this definition is essential because it helps identify the risks and consequences associated with data breaches, guiding the development of more effective security protocols and response strategies.

The other choices present concepts that are related to data security but do not accurately define a data breach. For instance, systematic processes for managing data storage address data management rather than breaches, while the loss of data integrity describes a different type of security issue. Lastly, encryption is a method used to secure data, not a definition of a breach itself. Thus, the clarity and focus of the correct answer highlight the specific nature of a data breach in the context of network security.