What does the term "exfiltration" refer to in data security?

The term "exfiltration" in the context of data security specifically refers to the unauthorized transfer of data from a system to an external location. This activity is often associated with malicious intent, where an attacker seeks to extract sensitive information from a network or system without consent. Exfiltration can occur via various means, including hacking, malware, or social engineering tactics, and it poses a significant risk to organizations as it can compromise confidential data, including intellectual property, personal information, and trade secrets.

The focus on unauthorized transfer highlights the security implications and the potential for data breaches that can lead to serious financial and reputational damage to organizations. Understanding this concept is crucial for individuals working in network security, as it underlines the importance of implementing robust data loss prevention strategies and monitoring for unusual data flows that may indicate an exfiltration attempt.