What does "network segmentation" aim to achieve?

Network segmentation aims to divide a network into smaller parts, which enhances both security and performance. By isolating segments, organizations can implement specific security policies and controls appropriate for each segment's sensitivity and function. This isolation helps to limit the lateral movement of attackers, making it more challenging for them to access sensitive data. Furthermore, segmentation can optimize network performance by reducing congestion, as smaller segments can handle traffic more efficiently and improve resource allocation.

In contrast, creating a single point of access for all users, combining all network services into one platform, or integrating networks without restrictions could potentially create vulnerabilities and performance issues. A single access point increases the risk of a single point of failure, while combining all services without segregation can lead to challenges in managing different service requirements and could expose sensitive parts of the network to broader risks.